Unravelling the Complexity: A Review of Geometrical Modelling Techniques in Plain Weft Knitted Textile Structures

The geometrical modelling of weft knitted structures is useful to predict fabric properties and for creating physical models. This technology allows fabric simulation to reduce the intensity of the designer and improve work efficiency. This article explores the use of parametric and mathematical techniques to capture the complexities of knitted structures. Finite element analysis (FEA) and mathematical explanations of loop formations are among the topics discussed. This study attempts to offer a thorough resource for scholars, designers, and practitioners navigating the challenging field of weft knitted textile geometrical modelling by combining ideas from various techniques. Mathematical models are based on mathematical equations, these models are easier to understand, but they are unable to forecast how cloth will behave in real time. Since parametric models provide a 3D geometrical model based on the actual values of the substrate, they provide a more realistic representation of the fabric simulation than mathematical models. By breaking down difficulties into smaller components, the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is used to address physics and engineering problems. Things with asymmetrical structures can easily simulated by using FEA. This study provides a platform for future research and innovation in textile engineering and design by synthesizing the present level of geometrical modelling in the context of plain weft knitted structures through a thorough analysis of the existing literature.