Understanding the hydrocyclone separator through computational fluid dynamics

J. C. Cullivan, Richard A Williams*, C. R. Cross

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

110 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The hydrocyclone provides an efficient means for solids separation from suspension, de-watering or purification, but there is little detailed understanding of the swirl flow and separation mechanism prevailing within the device. We report on the application of transient three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics incorporating a second-order accurate pressure-strain Reynolds-stress turbulence model. This has led to new understanding of the mechanism that leads to air-core development. Simulations of a water-core development and associated flow and pressure fields are reported. From this, air-core development is demonstrated to be transport-driven as opposed to pressure-driven, for which experimental validation has been acquired. In addition, examination of three-dimensional particle tracking challenges some of the common conceptions of the particle-separation mechanism. A highly asymmetric helical structure of alternating radial velocity, throughout the hydrocyclone, results in stochastic turbulent transport of particles between the wall and core flows to occur principally in regions of favourable radial velocity.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)455-466
Number of pages12
JournalChemical Engineering Research and Design
Volume81
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Apr 2003

Keywords

  • Fluid mechanics
  • Hydrocyclone
  • Separations
  • Simulation
  • Turbulence

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Polymers and Plastics

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