TY - JOUR
T1 - Triple-band single-layer rectenna for outdoor rf energy harvesting applications
AU - Boursianis, Achilles D.
AU - Papadopoulou, Maria S.
AU - Koulouridis, Stavros
AU - Rocca, Paolo
AU - Georgiadis, Apostolos
AU - Tentzeris, Manos M.
AU - Goudos, Sotirios K.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This research has been co-financed by the European Union and Greek national funds through the Operational Program Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, under the call RESEARCH—CREATE—INNOVATE (project code: T1EDK-05274).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/5/16
Y1 - 2021/5/16
N2 - A triple-band single-layer rectenna for outdoor RF energy applications is introduced in this paper. The proposed rectenna operates in the frequency bands of LoRa, GSM-1800, and UMTS-2100 networks. To obtain a triple-band operation, a modified E-shaped patch antenna is used. The receiving module (antenna) of the rectenna system is optimized in terms of its reflection coefficient to match the RF-to-DC rectifier. The final geometry of the proposed antenna is derived by the application of the Moth Search Algorithm and a commercial electromagnetic solver. The impedance matching network of the proposed system is obtained based on a three-step process, including the minimization of the reflection coefficient versus frequency, as well as the minimization of the reflection coefficient variations and the maximization of the DC output voltage versus RF input power. The proposed RF-to-DC rectifier is designed based on the Greinacher topology. The designed rectenna is fabricated on a single layer of FR-4 substrate. Measured results show that our proposed rectenna can harvest RF energy from outdoor (ambient and dedicated) sources with an efficiency of greater than 52%.
AB - A triple-band single-layer rectenna for outdoor RF energy applications is introduced in this paper. The proposed rectenna operates in the frequency bands of LoRa, GSM-1800, and UMTS-2100 networks. To obtain a triple-band operation, a modified E-shaped patch antenna is used. The receiving module (antenna) of the rectenna system is optimized in terms of its reflection coefficient to match the RF-to-DC rectifier. The final geometry of the proposed antenna is derived by the application of the Moth Search Algorithm and a commercial electromagnetic solver. The impedance matching network of the proposed system is obtained based on a three-step process, including the minimization of the reflection coefficient versus frequency, as well as the minimization of the reflection coefficient variations and the maximization of the DC output voltage versus RF input power. The proposed RF-to-DC rectifier is designed based on the Greinacher topology. The designed rectenna is fabricated on a single layer of FR-4 substrate. Measured results show that our proposed rectenna can harvest RF energy from outdoor (ambient and dedicated) sources with an efficiency of greater than 52%.
KW - Antenna optimization
KW - Greinacher voltage doubler
KW - Impedance matching
KW - Moth search algorithm
KW - Rectenna
KW - RF energy harvesting
KW - RF-to-DC rectifier
KW - Triple-band operation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105756251&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/s21103460
DO - 10.3390/s21103460
M3 - Article
C2 - 34065618
AN - SCOPUS:85105756251
SN - 1424-8220
VL - 21
JO - Sensors
JF - Sensors
IS - 10
M1 - 3460
ER -