The characterisation of crystalline silicon photovoltaic devices using the manufacturer supplied data

Currently, the single diode, five parameter model is extensively used to mathematically model the electrical behaviour of a photovoltaic device. The accuracy of this model is, however, strongly dependent on a number factors but particularly the quality of the five parameters used to characterise the devices unique performance behaviour. These are; the series and shunt resistances, the photogenerated and reverse saturation currents, and the diode factor. In this study, a new method is presented to determine four of the five parameter values using the data typically provided by the manufacturer. The proposed method is based on calculating the values for the series and shunt resistances and the photogenerated and reverse saturation currents by solving the underlying non-linear equations at short-circuit, maximum-power-point, and open-circuit conditions numerically. The proposed algorithm was experimentally validated against a crystalline silicone type solar cell. The characterisation parameter values were calculated using the proposed algorithm in Matlab, and then used to generate the simulated I-V data. When the experimental data was compared against the generated simulated data, it was found that the simulated data closely matched the experimental data at the three chosen points (short circuit current, maximum power point, and open circuit voltage), with a minor disparity emerging outside these locations. This disparity was quantified using a root mean square error (RMSE) approach which revealed a maximum RMSE value of 0.0072 when assuming a diode factor (n) of one. By incrementally adjusting the diode ideality factor from n = 1 to 1.5, the RMSE was reduced further to 0.0008.