Study of Formation Bonding in the Wells of the Varg Field Based on Ultrasonic and Sonic Wireline Log Data

This paper is based on the analysis of the ultrasonic/sonic data of the 9 5/8-in. casing logging of the 14 wells of the Varg field within the Norwegian Continental Shelf. While writing this papper Varg field was undergoing a plug and abandonment (P&A) phase after 19 years of production. High-quality bonding is observed behind the 9 5/8-in. casing far above expected theoretical top of cement within single casing areas. This bonding is attributed to the formation influence. Formation is used as an alternative to traditional cement barriers during P&A, and its use is regulated by the legislation. The paper aims to develop better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for formation bonding development. The percentage of observed bonding at "high" and "high and moderate-to-high" quality is calculated within each well and is related to the various factors that could influence formation bonding development. Factors such as duration of time lapsed from well completion to well logging, type of well (producer versus injector), geological formation, type of drilling mud used, duration of production periods, volumes of production, and well deviation and azimuth were looked at to determine observable trends and relationships. The results of the study allowed us to conclude which factors are critical or influence formation bonding. Based on the observations, recommendations can be made for the selection of the first well to be logged on the planned P&A campaigns. Correct selection of the first well saves time and resources on the formation testing for the qualification of the formation as a barrier.