Psychological consequences of COVID-19 home confinement: The ECLB-COVID19 multicenter study

Achraf Ammar; Patrick Mueller; Khaled Trabelsi; Hamdi Chtourou; Omar Boukhris; Liwa Masmoudi; Bassem Bouaziz; Michael Brach; Marlen Schmicker; Ellen Bentlage; Daniella How; Mona Ahmed; Asma Aloui; Omar Hammouda; Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos; Annemarie Braakman-Jansen; Christian Wrede; Sophia Bastoni; Carlos Soares Pernambuco; Leonardo Jose Mataruna-Dos-Santos; Morteza Taheri; Khadijeh Irandoust; Aïmen Khacharem; Nicola L. Bragazzi; Jad Adrian Washif; Jordan M. Glenn; Nicholas T. Bott; Faiez Gargouri; Lotfi Chaari; Hadj Batatia; Samira C. Khoshnami; Evangelia Samara; Vasiliki Zisi; Parasanth Sankar; Waseem N. Ahmed; Gamal Mohamed Ali; Osama Abdelkarim; Mohamed Jarraya; Kais El Abed; Mohamed Romdhani; Nizar Souissi; Lisette van Gemert-Pijnen; Stephen J. Bailey; Wassim Moalla; Jonathan Gómez-Raja; Monique Epstein; Robbert Sanderman; Sebastian Schulz; Achim Jerg; Ramzi Al-Horani; Taysir Mansi; Mohamed Jmail; Fernando Barbosa; Fernando Ferreira-Santos; Boštjan Šimunič; Rado Pišot; Andrea Gaggioli; Piotr Zmijewski; Jürgen M. Steinacker; Jana Strahler; Laurel Riemann; Bryan L. Riemann; Notger Mueller; Karim Chamari; Tarak Driss; Anita Hoekelmann

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0240204

Psychological consequences of COVID-19 home confinement: The ECLB-COVID19 multicenter study

Achraf Ammar^*, Patrick Mueller, Khaled Trabelsi, Hamdi Chtourou, Omar Boukhris, Liwa Masmoudi, Bassem Bouaziz, Michael Brach, Marlen Schmicker, Ellen Bentlage, Daniella How, Mona Ahmed, Asma Aloui, Omar Hammouda, Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos, Annemarie Braakman-Jansen, Christian Wrede, Sophia Bastoni, Carlos Soares Pernambuco, Leonardo Jose Mataruna-Dos-SantosMorteza Taheri, Khadijeh Irandoust, Aïmen Khacharem, Nicola L. Bragazzi, Jad Adrian Washif, Jordan M. Glenn, Nicholas T. Bott, Faiez Gargouri, Lotfi Chaari, Hadj Batatia, Samira C. Khoshnami, Evangelia Samara, Vasiliki Zisi, Parasanth Sankar, Waseem N. Ahmed, Gamal Mohamed Ali, Osama Abdelkarim, Mohamed Jarraya, Kais El Abed, Mohamed Romdhani, Nizar Souissi, Lisette van Gemert-Pijnen, Stephen J. Bailey, Wassim Moalla, Jonathan Gómez-Raja, Monique Epstein, Robbert Sanderman, Sebastian Schulz, Achim Jerg, Ramzi Al-Horani, Taysir Mansi, Mohamed Jmail, Fernando Barbosa, Fernando Ferreira-Santos, Boštjan Šimunič, Rado Pišot, Andrea Gaggioli, Piotr Zmijewski, Jürgen M. Steinacker, Jana Strahler, Laurel Riemann, Bryan L. Riemann, Notger Mueller, Karim Chamari, Tarak Driss, Anita Hoekelmann

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

Background: Public health recommendations and government measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have enforced restrictions on daily-living. While these measures are imperative to abate the spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey (ECLB-COVID19) was launched on April 6, 2020 in seven languages to elucidate the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing.

Methods: The ECLB-COVID19 electronic survey was designed by a steering group of multidisciplinary scientists, following a structured review of the literature. The survey was uploaded and shared on the Google online-survey-platform and was promoted by thirty-five research organizations from Europe, North-Africa, Western-Asia and the Americas. All participants were asked for their mental wellbeing (SWEMWS) and depressive symptoms (SMFQ) with regard to "during"and "before"home confinement.

Results: Analysis was conducted on the first 1047 replies (54% women) from Asia (36%), Africa (40%), Europe (21%) and other (3%). The COVID-19 home confinement had a negative effect on both mental-wellbeing and on mood and feelings. Specifically, a significant decrease (p < .001 and Δ% = 9.4%) in total score of the SWEMWS questionnaire was noted. More individuals (+12.89%) reported a low mental wellbeing "during"compared to "before"home confinement. Furthermore, results from the mood and feelings questionnaire showed a significant increase by 44.9% (p < .001) in SMFQ total score with more people (+10%) showing depressive symptoms "during"compared to "before"home confinement.

Conclusion: The ECLB-COVID19 survey revealed an increased psychosocial strain triggered by the home confinement. To mitigate this high risk of mental disorders and to foster an Active and Healthy Confinement Lifestyle (AHCL), a crisis-oriented interdisciplinary intervention is urgently needed.

Original language	English
Article number	e0240204
Journal	PLoS ONE
Volume	15
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240204
Publication status	Published - 5 Nov 2020

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology
General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
General

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Ammar, A., Mueller, P., Trabelsi, K., Chtourou, H., Boukhris, O., Masmoudi, L., Bouaziz, B., Brach, M., Schmicker, M., Bentlage, E., How, D., Ahmed, M., Aloui, A., Hammouda, O., Paineiras-Domingos, L. L., Braakman-Jansen, A., Wrede, C., Bastoni, S., Pernambuco, C. S., ... Hoekelmann, A. (2020). Psychological consequences of COVID-19 home confinement: The ECLB-COVID19 multicenter study. PLoS ONE, 15(11), Article e0240204. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240204

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abstract = "Background: Public health recommendations and government measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have enforced restrictions on daily-living. While these measures are imperative to abate the spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey (ECLB-COVID19) was launched on April 6, 2020 in seven languages to elucidate the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing.Methods: The ECLB-COVID19 electronic survey was designed by a steering group of multidisciplinary scientists, following a structured review of the literature. The survey was uploaded and shared on the Google online-survey-platform and was promoted by thirty-five research organizations from Europe, North-Africa, Western-Asia and the Americas. All participants were asked for their mental wellbeing (SWEMWS) and depressive symptoms (SMFQ) with regard to {"}during{"}and {"}before{"}home confinement.Results: Analysis was conducted on the first 1047 replies (54% women) from Asia (36%), Africa (40%), Europe (21%) and other (3%). The COVID-19 home confinement had a negative effect on both mental-wellbeing and on mood and feelings. Specifically, a significant decrease (p < .001 and Δ% = 9.4%) in total score of the SWEMWS questionnaire was noted. More individuals (+12.89%) reported a low mental wellbeing {"}during{"}compared to {"}before{"}home confinement. Furthermore, results from the mood and feelings questionnaire showed a significant increase by 44.9% (p < .001) in SMFQ total score with more people (+10%) showing depressive symptoms {"}during{"}compared to {"}before{"}home confinement.Conclusion: The ECLB-COVID19 survey revealed an increased psychosocial strain triggered by the home confinement. To mitigate this high risk of mental disorders and to foster an Active and Healthy Confinement Lifestyle (AHCL), a crisis-oriented interdisciplinary intervention is urgently needed.",

author = "Achraf Ammar and Patrick Mueller and Khaled Trabelsi and Hamdi Chtourou and Omar Boukhris and Liwa Masmoudi and Bassem Bouaziz and Michael Brach and Marlen Schmicker and Ellen Bentlage and Daniella How and Mona Ahmed and Asma Aloui and Omar Hammouda and Paineiras-Domingos, {Laisa Liane} and Annemarie Braakman-Jansen and Christian Wrede and Sophia Bastoni and Pernambuco, {Carlos Soares} and Mataruna-Dos-Santos, {Leonardo Jose} and Morteza Taheri and Khadijeh Irandoust and A{\"i}men Khacharem and Bragazzi, {Nicola L.} and Washif, {Jad Adrian} and Glenn, {Jordan M.} and Bott, {Nicholas T.} and Faiez Gargouri and Lotfi Chaari and Hadj Batatia and Khoshnami, {Samira C.} and Evangelia Samara and Vasiliki Zisi and Parasanth Sankar and Ahmed, {Waseem N.} and Ali, {Gamal Mohamed} and Osama Abdelkarim and Mohamed Jarraya and {El Abed}, Kais and Mohamed Romdhani and Nizar Souissi and {van Gemert-Pijnen}, Lisette and Bailey, {Stephen J.} and Wassim Moalla and Jonathan G{\'o}mez-Raja and Monique Epstein and Robbert Sanderman and Sebastian Schulz and Achim Jerg and Ramzi Al-Horani and Taysir Mansi and Mohamed Jmail and Fernando Barbosa and Fernando Ferreira-Santos and Bo{\v s}tjan {\v S}imuni{\v c} and Rado Pi{\v s}ot and Andrea Gaggioli and Piotr Zmijewski and Steinacker, {J{\"u}rgen M.} and Jana Strahler and Laurel Riemann and Riemann, {Bryan L.} and Notger Mueller and Karim Chamari and Tarak Driss and Anita Hoekelmann",

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month = nov,

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doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0240204",

language = "English",

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journal = "PLoS ONE",

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Ammar, A, Mueller, P, Trabelsi, K, Chtourou, H, Boukhris, O, Masmoudi, L, Bouaziz, B, Brach, M, Schmicker, M, Bentlage, E, How, D, Ahmed, M, Aloui, A, Hammouda, O, Paineiras-Domingos, LL, Braakman-Jansen, A, Wrede, C, Bastoni, S, Pernambuco, CS, Mataruna-Dos-Santos, LJ, Taheri, M, Irandoust, K, Khacharem, A, Bragazzi, NL, Washif, JA, Glenn, JM, Bott, NT, Gargouri, F, Chaari, L, Batatia, H, Khoshnami, SC, Samara, E, Zisi, V, Sankar, P, Ahmed, WN, Ali, GM, Abdelkarim, O, Jarraya, M, El Abed, K, Romdhani, M, Souissi, N, van Gemert-Pijnen, L, Bailey, SJ, Moalla, W, Gómez-Raja, J, Epstein, M, Sanderman, R, Schulz, S, Jerg, A, Al-Horani, R, Mansi, T, Jmail, M, Barbosa, F, Ferreira-Santos, F, Šimunič, B, Pišot, R, Gaggioli, A, Zmijewski, P, Steinacker, JM, Strahler, J, Riemann, L, Riemann, BL, Mueller, N, Chamari, K, Driss, T & Hoekelmann, A 2020, 'Psychological consequences of COVID-19 home confinement: The ECLB-COVID19 multicenter study', PLoS ONE, vol. 15, no. 11, e0240204. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240204

TY - JOUR

T1 - Psychological consequences of COVID-19 home confinement

T2 - The ECLB-COVID19 multicenter study

AU - Ammar, Achraf

AU - Mueller, Patrick

AU - Trabelsi, Khaled

AU - Chtourou, Hamdi

AU - Boukhris, Omar

AU - Masmoudi, Liwa

AU - Bouaziz, Bassem

AU - Brach, Michael

AU - Schmicker, Marlen

AU - Bentlage, Ellen

AU - How, Daniella

AU - Ahmed, Mona

AU - Aloui, Asma

AU - Hammouda, Omar

AU - Paineiras-Domingos, Laisa Liane

AU - Braakman-Jansen, Annemarie

AU - Wrede, Christian

AU - Bastoni, Sophia

AU - Pernambuco, Carlos Soares

AU - Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo Jose

AU - Taheri, Morteza

AU - Irandoust, Khadijeh

AU - Khacharem, Aïmen

AU - Bragazzi, Nicola L.

AU - Washif, Jad Adrian

AU - Glenn, Jordan M.

AU - Bott, Nicholas T.

AU - Gargouri, Faiez

AU - Chaari, Lotfi

AU - Batatia, Hadj

AU - Khoshnami, Samira C.

AU - Samara, Evangelia

AU - Zisi, Vasiliki

AU - Sankar, Parasanth

AU - Ahmed, Waseem N.

AU - Ali, Gamal Mohamed

AU - Abdelkarim, Osama

AU - Jarraya, Mohamed

AU - El Abed, Kais

AU - Romdhani, Mohamed

AU - Souissi, Nizar

AU - van Gemert-Pijnen, Lisette

AU - Bailey, Stephen J.

AU - Moalla, Wassim

AU - Gómez-Raja, Jonathan

AU - Epstein, Monique

AU - Sanderman, Robbert

AU - Schulz, Sebastian

AU - Jerg, Achim

AU - Al-Horani, Ramzi

AU - Mansi, Taysir

AU - Jmail, Mohamed

AU - Barbosa, Fernando

AU - Ferreira-Santos, Fernando

AU - Šimunič, Boštjan

AU - Pišot, Rado

AU - Gaggioli, Andrea

AU - Zmijewski, Piotr

AU - Steinacker, Jürgen M.

AU - Strahler, Jana

AU - Riemann, Laurel

AU - Riemann, Bryan L.

AU - Mueller, Notger

AU - Chamari, Karim

AU - Driss, Tarak

AU - Hoekelmann, Anita

PY - 2020/11/5

Y1 - 2020/11/5

N2 - Background: Public health recommendations and government measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have enforced restrictions on daily-living. While these measures are imperative to abate the spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey (ECLB-COVID19) was launched on April 6, 2020 in seven languages to elucidate the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing.Methods: The ECLB-COVID19 electronic survey was designed by a steering group of multidisciplinary scientists, following a structured review of the literature. The survey was uploaded and shared on the Google online-survey-platform and was promoted by thirty-five research organizations from Europe, North-Africa, Western-Asia and the Americas. All participants were asked for their mental wellbeing (SWEMWS) and depressive symptoms (SMFQ) with regard to "during"and "before"home confinement.Results: Analysis was conducted on the first 1047 replies (54% women) from Asia (36%), Africa (40%), Europe (21%) and other (3%). The COVID-19 home confinement had a negative effect on both mental-wellbeing and on mood and feelings. Specifically, a significant decrease (p < .001 and Δ% = 9.4%) in total score of the SWEMWS questionnaire was noted. More individuals (+12.89%) reported a low mental wellbeing "during"compared to "before"home confinement. Furthermore, results from the mood and feelings questionnaire showed a significant increase by 44.9% (p < .001) in SMFQ total score with more people (+10%) showing depressive symptoms "during"compared to "before"home confinement.Conclusion: The ECLB-COVID19 survey revealed an increased psychosocial strain triggered by the home confinement. To mitigate this high risk of mental disorders and to foster an Active and Healthy Confinement Lifestyle (AHCL), a crisis-oriented interdisciplinary intervention is urgently needed.

AB - Background: Public health recommendations and government measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have enforced restrictions on daily-living. While these measures are imperative to abate the spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey (ECLB-COVID19) was launched on April 6, 2020 in seven languages to elucidate the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing.Methods: The ECLB-COVID19 electronic survey was designed by a steering group of multidisciplinary scientists, following a structured review of the literature. The survey was uploaded and shared on the Google online-survey-platform and was promoted by thirty-five research organizations from Europe, North-Africa, Western-Asia and the Americas. All participants were asked for their mental wellbeing (SWEMWS) and depressive symptoms (SMFQ) with regard to "during"and "before"home confinement.Results: Analysis was conducted on the first 1047 replies (54% women) from Asia (36%), Africa (40%), Europe (21%) and other (3%). The COVID-19 home confinement had a negative effect on both mental-wellbeing and on mood and feelings. Specifically, a significant decrease (p < .001 and Δ% = 9.4%) in total score of the SWEMWS questionnaire was noted. More individuals (+12.89%) reported a low mental wellbeing "during"compared to "before"home confinement. Furthermore, results from the mood and feelings questionnaire showed a significant increase by 44.9% (p < .001) in SMFQ total score with more people (+10%) showing depressive symptoms "during"compared to "before"home confinement.Conclusion: The ECLB-COVID19 survey revealed an increased psychosocial strain triggered by the home confinement. To mitigate this high risk of mental disorders and to foster an Active and Healthy Confinement Lifestyle (AHCL), a crisis-oriented interdisciplinary intervention is urgently needed.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85095778112&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0240204

DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0240204

M3 - Article

C2 - 33152030

AN - SCOPUS:85095778112

SN - 1932-6203

VL - 15

JO - PLoS ONE

JF - PLoS ONE

IS - 11

M1 - e0240204

ER -

Psychological consequences of COVID-19 home confinement: The ECLB-COVID19 multicenter study

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UN SDGs

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