TY - JOUR
T1 - Phthalocyanine green pigments
AU - Christie, Robert
AU - Abel, Adrian
N1 - Funding Information:
We are grateful to M. Gollop, L. Koback, and K. Hayward for providing waterfowl damage and mitigation data. T. Bedard provided crop harvesting chronology data; and B. Clark and M. Gollop shared their expertise in waterfowl ecology and crop damage. L. Townley-Smith provided expertise in land-use analyses, and J. Lemieux and L. Liggins provided feedback during the model development phase. M. Grant, B. Posthumous, and S. Everett provided GIS assistance. R. Ogston provided spatial data support. C. Johnson provided expertise in model validation techniques. T. Nudds and G. Benoy provided helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. T. Weins helped initiate the study. This was a pilot project for the Risk of Wildlife Damage to Crops Agri-environmental Indicator funded by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.
PY - 2021/11/1
Y1 - 2021/11/1
N2 - The dominant organic green pigments are polyhalogenated copper phthalocyanines (CuPcs). These pigments exhibit similar excellent coloristic and technical performance to CuPc blue pigments and are produced worldwide in large quantities. The green pigments are halogenated CuPcs. There are two pigments with CI designations. CI Pigment Green 7 is a bluish green product, in which the 16 ring hydrogen atoms of the CuPc molecule are replaced virtually completely by chlorine. Products designated as CI Pigment Green 36 incorporate a range of bromo-and bromochlorocopper phthalocyanines and are yellowish-green pigments. CuPc green pigments are manufactured by direct exhaustive halogenation of crude CuPc blue with chlorine or bromine or an appropriate mixture of the two halogens, depending on the composition of the product required. The synthesis is carried out at elevated temperatures in a suitable solvent, commonly a molten AlCl3/NaCl eutectic mixture.
AB - The dominant organic green pigments are polyhalogenated copper phthalocyanines (CuPcs). These pigments exhibit similar excellent coloristic and technical performance to CuPc blue pigments and are produced worldwide in large quantities. The green pigments are halogenated CuPcs. There are two pigments with CI designations. CI Pigment Green 7 is a bluish green product, in which the 16 ring hydrogen atoms of the CuPc molecule are replaced virtually completely by chlorine. Products designated as CI Pigment Green 36 incorporate a range of bromo-and bromochlorocopper phthalocyanines and are yellowish-green pigments. CuPc green pigments are manufactured by direct exhaustive halogenation of crude CuPc blue with chlorine or bromine or an appropriate mixture of the two halogens, depending on the composition of the product required. The synthesis is carried out at elevated temperatures in a suitable solvent, commonly a molten AlCl3/NaCl eutectic mixture.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85110530787&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1515/psr-2020-0193
DO - 10.1515/psr-2020-0193
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85110530787
SN - 2365-6581
VL - 6
SP - 665
EP - 669
JO - Physical Sciences Reviews
JF - Physical Sciences Reviews
IS - 11
ER -
