Online adaptive quantum characterization of a nuclear spin

Timo Joas; Simon Schmitt; Raffaele Santagati; Antonio Andrea Gentile; Cristian Bonato; Anthony Laing; Liam P. McGuinness; Fedor Jelezko

doi:10.1038/s41534-021-00389-z

Online adaptive quantum characterization of a nuclear spin

Timo Joas, Simon Schmitt, Raffaele Santagati, Antonio Andrea Gentile, Cristian Bonato, Anthony Laing, Liam P. McGuinness, Fedor Jelezko

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

15 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

The characterization of quantum systems is both a theoretical and technical challenge. Theoretical because of the exponentially increasing complexity with system size and the fragility of quantum states under observation. Technical because of the requirement to manipulate and read out individual atomic or photonic elements. Adaptive methods can help to overcome these challenges by optimizing the amount of information each measurement provides and reducing the necessary resources. Their implementation, however, requires fast-feedback and complex processing algorithms. Here, we implement online adaptive sensing with single spins and demonstrate close to photon shot noise limited performance with high repetition rate, including experimental overheads. We further use fast feedback to determine the hyperfine coupling of a nuclear spin to the nitrogen-vacancy sensor with a sensitivity of 445nTHz−1. Our experiment is a proof of concept that online adaptive techniques can be a versatile tool to enable faster characterization of the spin environment.

Original language	English
Article number	56
Number of pages	8
Journal	npj Quantum Information
Volume	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-021-00389-z
Publication status	Published - 8 Apr 2021

Keywords

nuclear spins
quantum sensing
machine learning
spintronics

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Computer Science (miscellaneous)
Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Computer Networks and Communications
Computational Theory and Mathematics

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Cite this

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abstract = "The characterization of quantum systems is both a theoretical and technical challenge. Theoretical because of the exponentially increasing complexity with system size and the fragility of quantum states under observation. Technical because of the requirement to manipulate and read out individual atomic or photonic elements. Adaptive methods can help to overcome these challenges by optimizing the amount of information each measurement provides and reducing the necessary resources. Their implementation, however, requires fast-feedback and complex processing algorithms. Here, we implement online adaptive sensing with single spins and demonstrate close to photon shot noise limited performance with high repetition rate, including experimental overheads. We further use fast feedback to determine the hyperfine coupling of a nuclear spin to the nitrogen-vacancy sensor with a sensitivity of 445nTHz−1. Our experiment is a proof of concept that online adaptive techniques can be a versatile tool to enable faster characterization of the spin environment.",

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note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge the following support: T.J. by the Foundation of German Business (sdw). A.L. from EPSRC (EP/N003470/11). C.B. from EPSRC (EP/S000550/1) and Leverhulme Trust (RPG-2019-388). L.P.M. from the Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT180100100) funded by the Australian Government. F.J. from ERC Synergy Grant HyperQ, the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), DFG (excellence cluster POLIS and CRC1279), VW Stiftung, and EU via ASTERIQS. R.S., A.A.G., and A.L. from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) Hub in Quantum Computing and Simulation (EP/T001062/1). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021, Crown. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

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Online adaptive quantum characterization of a nuclear spin

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