TY - JOUR
T1 - On CSI and Passive Wi-Fi Radar for Opportunistic Physical Activity Recognition
AU - Tang, Chong
AU - Li, Wenda
AU - Vishwakarma, Shelly
AU - Shi, Fangzhan
AU - Julier, Simon J.
AU - Chetty, Kevin
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - The use of Wi-Fi signals for human sensing has gained significant interest over the past decade. Such techniques provide affordable and reliable solutions for healthcare-focused events such as vital sign detection, prevention of falls and long-term monitoring of chronic diseases, among others. Currently, there are two major approaches for Wi-Fi sensing: (1) passive Wi-Fi radar (PWR) which uses well established techniques from bistatic radar, and channel state information (CSI) based wireless sensing (SENS) which exploits human-induced variations in the communication channel between a pair of transmitter and receiver. However, there has not been a comprehensive study to understand and compare the differences in terms of effectiveness and limitations in real-world deployment. In this paper, we present the fundamentals of the two systems with associated methodologies and signal processing. A thorough measurement campaign was carried out to evaluate the human activity detection performance of both systems. Experimental results show that SENS system provides better detection performance in a line-of-sight (LoS) condition, whereas PWR system performs better in a non-LoS (NLoS) setting. Furthermore, based on our findings, we recommend that future Wi-Fi sensing applications should leverage the advantages from both PWR and SENS systems.
AB - The use of Wi-Fi signals for human sensing has gained significant interest over the past decade. Such techniques provide affordable and reliable solutions for healthcare-focused events such as vital sign detection, prevention of falls and long-term monitoring of chronic diseases, among others. Currently, there are two major approaches for Wi-Fi sensing: (1) passive Wi-Fi radar (PWR) which uses well established techniques from bistatic radar, and channel state information (CSI) based wireless sensing (SENS) which exploits human-induced variations in the communication channel between a pair of transmitter and receiver. However, there has not been a comprehensive study to understand and compare the differences in terms of effectiveness and limitations in real-world deployment. In this paper, we present the fundamentals of the two systems with associated methodologies and signal processing. A thorough measurement campaign was carried out to evaluate the human activity detection performance of both systems. Experimental results show that SENS system provides better detection performance in a line-of-sight (LoS) condition, whereas PWR system performs better in a non-LoS (NLoS) setting. Furthermore, based on our findings, we recommend that future Wi-Fi sensing applications should leverage the advantages from both PWR and SENS systems.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85111566770
U2 - 10.1109/twc.2021.3098526
DO - 10.1109/twc.2021.3098526
M3 - Article
SN - 1536-1276
VL - 21
SP - 607
EP - 620
JO - IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
JF - IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
IS - 1
ER -