Numerical simulation of fluid-flow processes in a 3D high-resolution carbonate reservoir analogue

Simeon Sani Agada, Fuzhen Chen, Sebastian Geiger, Gulnara Toigulova, Susan M Agar, Ravi Shekhar, Greg Benson, Owen Hehmeyer, Fred Amour, Maria Mutti, Nicolas Christ, Adrian Immenhauser

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    34 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    A high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) outcrop model of a Jurassic carbonate ramp was used in order to perform a series of detailed and systematic flow simulations. The aim of this study was to test the impact of small- and large-scale geological features on reservoir performance and oil recovery. The digital outcrop model contains a wide range of sedimentological, diagenetic and structural features, including discontinuity surfaces, shoal bodies, mud mounds, oyster bioherms and fractures. Flow simulations are performed for numerical well testing and secondary oil recovery. Numerical well testing enables synthetic but systematic pressure responses to be generated for different geological features observed in the outcrops. This allows us to assess and rank the relative impact of specific geological features on reservoir performance. The outcome documents that, owing to the realistic representation of matrix heterogeneity, most diagenetic and structural features cannot be linked to a unique pressure signature. Instead, reservoir performance is controlled by subseismic faults and oyster bioherms acting as thief zones. Numerical simulations of secondary recovery processes reveal strong channelling of fluid flow into high-permeability layers as the primary control for oil recovery. However, appropriate reservoir-engineering solutions, such as optimizing well placement and injection fluid, can reduce channelling and increase oil recovery.
    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)125-142
    Number of pages18
    JournalPetroleum Geoscience
    Volume20
    Issue number1
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - Feb 2014

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