@article{fb22020cf63e4c03b749c48a9e0af471,
title = "Natural flood management, lag time and catchment scale: Results from an empirical nested catchment study",
abstract = "Natural flood management (NFM) techniques attract much interest in flood risk management science, not least because their effectiveness remains subject to considerable uncertainty, particularly at larger catchment and event scales. This derives from a paucity of empirical studies which can offer either longitudinal or comparison data sets in which changes can be observed. The Eddleston catchment study, with 13 stream gauges operated continuously over 9 years, is based on both longitudinal and comparison data sets. Two years of baseline monitoring have been followed by 7 years of further monitoring after a range of NFM interventions across the 69 km2 catchment. This study has examined changes in lag as an index of hydrological response which avoids dependence on potentially significant uncertainties in flow data. Headwater catchments up to 26 km2 showed significant delays in lag of 2.6–7.3 hr in catchments provided with leaky wood structures, on-line ponds and riparian planting, while larger catchments downstream and those treated with riparian planting alone did not. Two control catchments failed to show any such changes. The findings provide important evidence of the catchment scale at which NFM can be effective and suggest that effects may increase with event magnitude.",
keywords = "catchment scale, Eddleston, empirical analysis, lag, natural flood management",
author = "Andrew Black and Leo Peskett and Alan MacDonald and Andy Young and Chris Spray and Tom Ball and Huw Thomas and Alan Werritty",
note = "Funding Information: Scottish Government; European Regional Development Fund, Grant/Award Number: INTERREG North Sea Region Building With Nature programme Funding information Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge support from the Eddleston Project Board (Scottish Government, Tweed Forum, SEPA, University of Dundee, British Geological Survey, Scottish Borders Council), and the provision of funding from Scottish Government and EU Interreg North Sea Region programme. We thank all landowners who have assisted with the introduction of NFM measures on their land and the installation of monitoring equipment. Many thanks also to Hugh Chalmers (Tweed Forum) for establishing links with local stakeholders, Alice Ambler, Finlay Leask, Alan Long, Boyd Wild and numerous students for hydrometric assistance in all weathers, Tracey Dixon for cartographic assistance, Graham Scott (SEPA) for hydrometric data, Environmental Measurements Ltd, Campbell Scientific Ltd, Measurement Systems Ltd, Halcyon Solutions Ltd and UoD‐IT for technical support, Mhari Barnes, Simon Cook, Michael Cranston, Ioan Fazey, Tracey Haxton, Hamish Moir, Brigid O'Dochartaigh and Joe Taylforth for constructive comments and additional information. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable feedback and suggestions. Contains SEPA data {\textcopyright} Scottish Environment Protection Agency and database right 2020. All rights reserved. Soils mapping for Figure 1 provided by James Hutton Institute under the terms of an Open Data Licence. Building with Nature Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge support from the Eddleston Project Board (Scottish Government, Tweed Forum, SEPA, University of Dundee, British Geological Survey, Scottish Borders Council), and the provision of funding from Scottish Government and EU Interreg North Sea Region Building with Nature programme. We thank all landowners who have assisted with the introduction of NFM measures on their land and the installation of monitoring equipment. Many thanks also to Hugh Chalmers (Tweed Forum) for establishing links with local stakeholders, Alice Ambler, Finlay Leask, Alan Long, Boyd Wild and numerous students for hydrometric assistance in all weathers, Tracey Dixon for cartographic assistance, Graham Scott (SEPA) for hydrometric data, Environmental Measurements Ltd, Campbell Scientific Ltd, Measurement Systems Ltd, Halcyon Solutions Ltd and UoD-IT for technical support, Mhari Barnes, Simon Cook, Michael Cranston, Ioan Fazey, Tracey Haxton, Hamish Moir, Brigid O'Dochartaigh and Joe Taylforth for constructive comments and additional information. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable feedback and suggestions. Contains SEPA data ? Scottish Environment Protection Agency and database right 2020. All rights reserved. Soils mapping for Figure?1 provided by James Hutton Institute under the terms of an Open Data Licence. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Authors. Journal of Flood Risk Management published by Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.",
year = "2021",
month = sep,
doi = "10.1111/jfr3.12717",
language = "English",
volume = "14",
journal = "Journal of Flood Risk Management",
issn = "1753-318X",
publisher = "Blackwell Publishing Ltd",
number = "3",
}