Nanopatches for Vaccine Delivery

Needle-free vaccine delivery methods have the potential for pain-free, improved immunogenicity vaccination by delivering directly into the skin. Herein we give a brief overview of approaches for this and subsequently provide a detailed description of the Nanopatch approach. This work details the design, hypothesized mode of action, and the immune responses generated from this method. Additionally, the potential for eliminating the cold chain in vaccines is discussed, and the potential long-term implications of these devices. These are explained in the context of the field of microneedles, which have not otherwise been able to achieve the performance of the Nanopatch.