Nano-based textile dyeing and printing in environmental monitoring and sustainability

The textile industry is undergoing a transformative shift toward sustainability, driven by the integration of nanotechnology in dyeing and printing processes. Traditional methods, known for their high water and energy consumption and significant environmental impact, are being replaced by nano-based technologies that offer enhanced efficiency and environmental benefits. This chapter explores the application of nanoparticles in textile dyeing, which improves color fastness and reduces the need for harmful chemicals, and nanoinkjet printing, which minimizes waste and enables precise patterning. Moreover, it discusses the innovative use of smart textiles embedded with nanosensors for environmental monitoring, capable of detecting pollutants and changes in temperature and humidity. While these technologies present substantial advantages in reducing the environmental footprint of textile production, challenges such as high costs, potential nanoparticle release, and the need for regulatory standards remain.