Multi-dimensional Modulation Antenna Array Enabled Joint Radar-Communications

Gaojian Huang; Yuxin Lei; Xingwang Li; Yuan Ding; Shahid Mumtaz; Arumugam Nallanathan

doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3583125

Multi-dimensional Modulation Antenna Array Enabled Joint Radar-Communications

Gaojian Huang, Yuxin Lei, Xingwang Li, Yuan Ding, Shahid Mumtaz, Arumugam Nallanathan

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Abstract

Joint Radar-communications (JRC) has been widely studied as a key technique in future wireless communication systems. One of the crucial challenges is waveform design for the JRC. In this paper, a multidimensional modulation antenna array scheme that combines the index modulation technique with the multiple harmonic beams in time-modulated arrays (TMAs) is proposed, wherein the information symbols are designed to be delivered not only by the harmonic frequency indices but also by the array patterns synthesized at each harmonic frequency. The harmonic beams therefore can achieve Radar sensing and simultaneously communicate to the users at high data rates. The array pattern examples are simulated to validate the efficiency of the JRC functionalities.

Original language	English
Article number	11051057
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
Early online date	25 Jun 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3583125
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 25 Jun 2025

Keywords

Harmonic analysis
Radar
Modulation
Transmitters
Radio frequency
Indexes
Antenna arrays
Sensors
Frequency modulation
Array signal processing

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10.1109/tvt.2025.3583125

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title = "Multi-dimensional Modulation Antenna Array Enabled Joint Radar-Communications",

abstract = "Joint Radar-communications (JRC) has been widely studied as a key technique in future wireless communication systems. One of the crucial challenges is waveform design for the JRC. In this paper, a multidimensional modulation antenna array scheme that combines the index modulation technique with the multiple harmonic beams in time-modulated arrays (TMAs) is proposed, wherein the information symbols are designed to be delivered not only by the harmonic frequency indices but also by the array patterns synthesized at each harmonic frequency. The harmonic beams therefore can achieve Radar sensing and simultaneously communicate to the users at high data rates. The array pattern examples are simulated to validate the efficiency of the JRC functionalities.",

keywords = "Harmonic analysis, Radar, Modulation, Transmitters, Radio frequency, Indexes, Antenna arrays, Sensors, Frequency modulation, Array signal processing",

author = "Gaojian Huang and Yuxin Lei and Xingwang Li and Yuan Ding and Shahid Mumtaz and Arumugam Nallanathan",

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language = "English",

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T1 - Multi-dimensional Modulation Antenna Array Enabled Joint Radar-Communications

AU - Huang, Gaojian

AU - Lei, Yuxin

AU - Li, Xingwang

AU - Ding, Yuan

AU - Mumtaz, Shahid

AU - Nallanathan, Arumugam

PY - 2025/6/25

Y1 - 2025/6/25

N2 - Joint Radar-communications (JRC) has been widely studied as a key technique in future wireless communication systems. One of the crucial challenges is waveform design for the JRC. In this paper, a multidimensional modulation antenna array scheme that combines the index modulation technique with the multiple harmonic beams in time-modulated arrays (TMAs) is proposed, wherein the information symbols are designed to be delivered not only by the harmonic frequency indices but also by the array patterns synthesized at each harmonic frequency. The harmonic beams therefore can achieve Radar sensing and simultaneously communicate to the users at high data rates. The array pattern examples are simulated to validate the efficiency of the JRC functionalities.

AB - Joint Radar-communications (JRC) has been widely studied as a key technique in future wireless communication systems. One of the crucial challenges is waveform design for the JRC. In this paper, a multidimensional modulation antenna array scheme that combines the index modulation technique with the multiple harmonic beams in time-modulated arrays (TMAs) is proposed, wherein the information symbols are designed to be delivered not only by the harmonic frequency indices but also by the array patterns synthesized at each harmonic frequency. The harmonic beams therefore can achieve Radar sensing and simultaneously communicate to the users at high data rates. The array pattern examples are simulated to validate the efficiency of the JRC functionalities.

KW - Harmonic analysis

KW - Radar

KW - Modulation

KW - Transmitters

KW - Radio frequency

KW - Indexes

KW - Antenna arrays

KW - Sensors

KW - Frequency modulation

KW - Array signal processing

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U2 - 10.1109/tvt.2025.3583125

DO - 10.1109/tvt.2025.3583125

M3 - Article

SN - 0018-9545

JO - IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

JF - IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

M1 - 11051057

ER -

Multi-dimensional Modulation Antenna Array Enabled Joint Radar-Communications

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