Multi-dimensional Modulation Antenna Array Enabled Joint Radar-Communications

Gaojian Huang; Yuxin Lei; Xingwang Li; Yuan Ding; Shahid Mumtaz; Arumugam Nallanathan

doi:10.1109/tvt.2025.3583125

Multi-dimensional Modulation Antenna Array Enabled Joint Radar-Communications

Gaojian Huang
, Yuxin Lei
, Xingwang Li
, Yuan Ding
, Shahid Mumtaz
, Arumugam Nallanathan

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)

59 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Joint Radar-communications (JRC) has been widely studied as a key technique in future wireless communication systems. One of the crucial challenges is waveform design for the JRC. In this paper, a multidimensional modulation antenna array scheme that combines the index modulation technique with the multiple harmonic beams in time-modulated arrays (TMAs) is proposed, wherein the information symbols are designed to be delivered not only by the harmonic frequency indices but also by the array patterns synthesized at each harmonic frequency. The harmonic beams therefore can achieve Radar sensing and simultaneously communicate to the users at high data rates. The array pattern examples are simulated to validate the efficiency of the JRC functionalities.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	19915-19920
Number of pages	6
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
Volume	74
Issue number	12
Early online date	25 Jun 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2025.3583125
Publication status	Published - Dec 2025

Keywords

Directional modulation (DM)
harmonic beams
index modulation
joint Radar-communications (JRC)
time-modulated arrays (TMAs)

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Automotive Engineering
Aerospace Engineering
Computer Networks and Communications
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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10.1109/tvt.2025.3583125

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title = "Multi-dimensional Modulation Antenna Array Enabled Joint Radar-Communications",

abstract = "Joint Radar-communications (JRC) has been widely studied as a key technique in future wireless communication systems. One of the crucial challenges is waveform design for the JRC. In this paper, a multidimensional modulation antenna array scheme that combines the index modulation technique with the multiple harmonic beams in time-modulated arrays (TMAs) is proposed, wherein the information symbols are designed to be delivered not only by the harmonic frequency indices but also by the array patterns synthesized at each harmonic frequency. The harmonic beams therefore can achieve Radar sensing and simultaneously communicate to the users at high data rates. The array pattern examples are simulated to validate the efficiency of the JRC functionalities.",

keywords = "Directional modulation (DM), harmonic beams, index modulation, joint Radar-communications (JRC), time-modulated arrays (TMAs)",

author = "Gaojian Huang and Yuxin Lei and Xingwang Li and Yuan Ding and Shahid Mumtaz and Arumugam Nallanathan",

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AU - Huang, Gaojian

AU - Lei, Yuxin

AU - Li, Xingwang

AU - Ding, Yuan

AU - Mumtaz, Shahid

AU - Nallanathan, Arumugam

PY - 2025/12

Y1 - 2025/12

N2 - Joint Radar-communications (JRC) has been widely studied as a key technique in future wireless communication systems. One of the crucial challenges is waveform design for the JRC. In this paper, a multidimensional modulation antenna array scheme that combines the index modulation technique with the multiple harmonic beams in time-modulated arrays (TMAs) is proposed, wherein the information symbols are designed to be delivered not only by the harmonic frequency indices but also by the array patterns synthesized at each harmonic frequency. The harmonic beams therefore can achieve Radar sensing and simultaneously communicate to the users at high data rates. The array pattern examples are simulated to validate the efficiency of the JRC functionalities.

AB - Joint Radar-communications (JRC) has been widely studied as a key technique in future wireless communication systems. One of the crucial challenges is waveform design for the JRC. In this paper, a multidimensional modulation antenna array scheme that combines the index modulation technique with the multiple harmonic beams in time-modulated arrays (TMAs) is proposed, wherein the information symbols are designed to be delivered not only by the harmonic frequency indices but also by the array patterns synthesized at each harmonic frequency. The harmonic beams therefore can achieve Radar sensing and simultaneously communicate to the users at high data rates. The array pattern examples are simulated to validate the efficiency of the JRC functionalities.

KW - Directional modulation (DM)

KW - harmonic beams

KW - index modulation

KW - joint Radar-communications (JRC)

KW - time-modulated arrays (TMAs)

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DO - 10.1109/tvt.2025.3583125

M3 - Article

SN - 0018-9545

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EP - 19920

JO - IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

JF - IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

IS - 12

ER -

Multi-dimensional Modulation Antenna Array Enabled Joint Radar-Communications

Abstract

Keywords

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