Mixture and single-substance acute toxicity of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in Ceriodaphnia dubia

Theodore B Henry, Marsha C Black

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    32 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are neurologically active drugs that can contaminate surface waters and have the potential to negatively affect aquatic organisms. In this investigation, the 48-h acute toxicity of mixtures (binary and quaternary) of four common SSRIs (fluoxetine [Prozac((R))], sertraline [Zoloft((R))], paroxetine [Paxil((R))], and citalopram [Celexa((R))]) were determined in the daphnid Ceriodaphnia dubia. Logistic regression was used to model mortality data and to investigate the applicability of concentration addition and independent action models to explain observed mortality. The concentrations estimated to induce 50% mortality in 48 h for the individual SSRIs sertraline, fluoxetine, paroxetine, and citalopram were 0.48 to 0.66, 1.23 to 1.84, 2.23 to 3.57, and 10.47 to 14.53 mu M, respectively. Concentration addition was a better predictor of mixture effects than independent action and suggested that the tested SSRIs have a similar mechanism of action. Results indicate that environmental hazard assessments should be conservative and consider that acutely toxic effects in aquatic organisms can be additive for each SSRIs in a mixture.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)1751-1755
    Number of pages5
    JournalEnvironmental Toxicology and Chemistry
    Volume26
    Issue number8
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - Aug 2007

    Keywords

    • independent action
    • CONCENTRATION ADDITION
    • FISH
    • selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
    • concentration addition
    • FLUOXETINE
    • INDEPENDENT ACTION
    • WATER
    • mixture toxicity
    • COMBINATION
    • SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS
    • pharmaceuticals
    • PHARMACEUTICALS
    • COMMUNITIES
    • ENVIRONMENT

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