Locating Temporal Functional Dynamics of Visual Short-Term Memory Binding using Graph Modular Dirichlet Energy

Keith Smith; Benjamin Ricaud; Nauman Shahid; Stephen Rhodes; John M. Starr; Augustin Ibáñez; Mario Parra Rodriguez; Javier Escudero; Pierre Vandergheynst

doi:10.1038/srep42013

Locating Temporal Functional Dynamics of Visual Short-Term Memory Binding using Graph Modular Dirichlet Energy

Keith Smith, Benjamin Ricaud, Nauman Shahid, Stephen Rhodes, John M. Starr, Augustin Ibáñez, Mario Parra Rodriguez, Javier Escudero, Pierre Vandergheynst

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Abstract

Visual short-term memory binding tasks are a promising early marker for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). To uncover functional
deficits of AD in these tasks it is meaningful to first study unimpaired brain function. Electroencephalogram recordings were
obtained from encoding and maintenance periods of tasks performed by healthy young volunteers. We probe the task’s transient
physiological underpinnings by contrasting shape only (Shape) and shape-colour binding (Bind) conditions, displayed in the left
and right sides of the screen, separately. Particularly, we introduce and implement a novel technique named Modular Dirichlet
Energy (MDE) which allows robust and flexible analysis of the functional network with unprecedented temporal precision. We
find that connectivity in the Bind condition is less integrated with the global network than in the Shape condition in occipital and
frontal modules during the encoding period of the right screen condition. Using MDE we are able to discern driving effects in
the occipital module between 100-140ms, coinciding with the P100 visually evoked potential, followed by a driving effect in
the frontal module between 140-180ms, suggesting that the differences found constitute an information processing difference
between these modules. This provides temporally precise information over a heterogeneous population in promising tasks for
the detection of AD.

Original language	English
Article number	42013
Journal	Scientific Reports
Volume	7
Early online date	10 Feb 2017
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/srep42013
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 10 Feb 2017

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title = "Locating Temporal Functional Dynamics of Visual Short-Term Memory Binding using Graph Modular Dirichlet Energy",

abstract = "Visual short-term memory binding tasks are a promising early marker for Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease (AD). To uncover functionaldeficits of AD in these tasks it is meaningful to first study unimpaired brain function. Electroencephalogram recordings wereobtained from encoding and maintenance periods of tasks performed by healthy young volunteers. We probe the task{\textquoteright}s transientphysiological underpinnings by contrasting shape only (Shape) and shape-colour binding (Bind) conditions, displayed in the leftand right sides of the screen, separately. Particularly, we introduce and implement a novel technique named Modular DirichletEnergy (MDE) which allows robust and flexible analysis of the functional network with unprecedented temporal precision. Wefind that connectivity in the Bind condition is less integrated with the global network than in the Shape condition in occipital andfrontal modules during the encoding period of the right screen condition. Using MDE we are able to discern driving effects inthe occipital module between 100-140ms, coinciding with the P100 visually evoked potential, followed by a driving effect inthe frontal module between 140-180ms, suggesting that the differences found constitute an information processing differencebetween these modules. This provides temporally precise information over a heterogeneous population in promising tasks forthe detection of AD.",

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AU - Smith, Keith

AU - Ricaud, Benjamin

AU - Shahid, Nauman

AU - Rhodes, Stephen

AU - Starr, John M.

AU - Ibáñez, Augustin

AU - Parra Rodriguez, Mario

AU - Escudero, Javier

AU - Vandergheynst, Pierre

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N2 - Visual short-term memory binding tasks are a promising early marker for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). To uncover functionaldeficits of AD in these tasks it is meaningful to first study unimpaired brain function. Electroencephalogram recordings wereobtained from encoding and maintenance periods of tasks performed by healthy young volunteers. We probe the task’s transientphysiological underpinnings by contrasting shape only (Shape) and shape-colour binding (Bind) conditions, displayed in the leftand right sides of the screen, separately. Particularly, we introduce and implement a novel technique named Modular DirichletEnergy (MDE) which allows robust and flexible analysis of the functional network with unprecedented temporal precision. Wefind that connectivity in the Bind condition is less integrated with the global network than in the Shape condition in occipital andfrontal modules during the encoding period of the right screen condition. Using MDE we are able to discern driving effects inthe occipital module between 100-140ms, coinciding with the P100 visually evoked potential, followed by a driving effect inthe frontal module between 140-180ms, suggesting that the differences found constitute an information processing differencebetween these modules. This provides temporally precise information over a heterogeneous population in promising tasks forthe detection of AD.

AB - Visual short-term memory binding tasks are a promising early marker for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). To uncover functionaldeficits of AD in these tasks it is meaningful to first study unimpaired brain function. Electroencephalogram recordings wereobtained from encoding and maintenance periods of tasks performed by healthy young volunteers. We probe the task’s transientphysiological underpinnings by contrasting shape only (Shape) and shape-colour binding (Bind) conditions, displayed in the leftand right sides of the screen, separately. Particularly, we introduce and implement a novel technique named Modular DirichletEnergy (MDE) which allows robust and flexible analysis of the functional network with unprecedented temporal precision. Wefind that connectivity in the Bind condition is less integrated with the global network than in the Shape condition in occipital andfrontal modules during the encoding period of the right screen condition. Using MDE we are able to discern driving effects inthe occipital module between 100-140ms, coinciding with the P100 visually evoked potential, followed by a driving effect inthe frontal module between 140-180ms, suggesting that the differences found constitute an information processing differencebetween these modules. This provides temporally precise information over a heterogeneous population in promising tasks forthe detection of AD.

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JO - Scientific Reports

JF - Scientific Reports

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Locating Temporal Functional Dynamics of Visual Short-Term Memory Binding using Graph Modular Dirichlet Energy

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