Laser cleaning of undyed silk: indications of chemical change

Karin von Lerber; Matija Strlic; Jana Kolar; Jörg  Krüger; Simone  Pentzien; Craig J Kennedy; Timothy J Wess; Marina  Sokhan; Wolfgang Kautek

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-72130-7_36

Laser cleaning of undyed silk: indications of chemical change

Karin von Lerber, Matija Strlic, Jana Kolar, Jörg Krüger, Simone Pentzien, Craig J Kennedy, Timothy J Wess, Marina Sokhan, Wolfgang Kautek

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter (peer-reviewed)

Abstract

Three different undyed, unweighed silk fabrics (new clean, new soiled, and naturally aged) were cleaned with a computer-controlled Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at 532nm in 30 combinations of fluence and pulse numbers. They were studied for chemical change by viscometry, X-ray diffraction, and FIB-SIMS in combination with temperature calculations. While physical changes only occurred above the tested parameters, chemical changes could be detected as low as 0.2 J cm?2 with four pulses. Yellowing was observed at lower and bleaching at higher fluence/pulse number combinations. Melting was observed in naturally aged silk cleaned with 64 pulses at 4.2 J cm?2. The temperature reached at 0.1 J cm?2 is sufficient to evaporate carbon. Excess energy is transferred into the silk substrate causing thermal degradation. Different chemical processes leading to chain scission and to crosslinking seem to occur simultaneously, even at low fluence and pulse number. An increase in pulse numbers also leads to increasing damage.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks
Subtitle of host publication	LACONA VI Proceedings, Vienna, Austria, Sept. 21-25, 2005
Editors	Mag Johann Nimmrichter, Wolfgang Kautek, Manfred Schreiner
Publisher	Springer
Pages	313-320
Number of pages	8
ISBN (Electronic)	9783540721307
ISBN (Print)	9783540721291
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72130-7_36
Publication status	Published - 2007
Event	Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks - Vienna, Austria Duration: 21 Sept 2005 → 25 Sept 2005

Publication series

Name	Springer Proceedings in Physics
Volume	116
ISSN (Print)	0930-8989

Conference

Conference	Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks
Abbreviated title	LACONA VI
Country/Territory	Austria
City	Vienna
Period	21/09/05 → 25/09/05

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-540-72130-7_36

Cite this

von Lerber, K., Strlic, M., Kolar, J., Krüger, J., Pentzien, S., Kennedy, C. J., Wess, T. J., Sokhan, M., & Kautek, W. (2007). Laser cleaning of undyed silk: indications of chemical change. In M. J. Nimmrichter, W. Kautek, & M. Schreiner (Eds.), Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks: LACONA VI Proceedings, Vienna, Austria, Sept. 21-25, 2005 (pp. 313-320). (Springer Proceedings in Physics; Vol. 116). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72130-7_36

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title = "Laser cleaning of undyed silk: indications of chemical change",

abstract = "Three different undyed, unweighed silk fabrics (new clean, new soiled, and naturally aged) were cleaned with a computer-controlled Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at 532nm in 30 combinations of fluence and pulse numbers. They were studied for chemical change by viscometry, X-ray diffraction, and FIB-SIMS in combination with temperature calculations. While physical changes only occurred above the tested parameters, chemical changes could be detected as low as 0.2 J cm?2 with four pulses. Yellowing was observed at lower and bleaching at higher fluence/pulse number combinations. Melting was observed in naturally aged silk cleaned with 64 pulses at 4.2 J cm?2. The temperature reached at 0.1 J cm?2 is sufficient to evaporate carbon. Excess energy is transferred into the silk substrate causing thermal degradation. Different chemical processes leading to chain scission and to crosslinking seem to occur simultaneously, even at low fluence and pulse number. An increase in pulse numbers also leads to increasing damage.",

author = "{von Lerber}, Karin and Matija Strlic and Jana Kolar and J{\"o}rg Kr{\"u}ger and Simone Pentzien and Kennedy, {Craig J} and Wess, {Timothy J} and Marina Sokhan and Wolfgang Kautek",

year = "2007",

doi = "10.1007/978-3-540-72130-7_36",

language = "English",

isbn = "9783540721291",

series = "Springer Proceedings in Physics",

publisher = "Springer",

pages = "313--320",

editor = "Nimmrichter, {Mag Johann} and Wolfgang Kautek and Manfred Schreiner",

booktitle = "Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks",

note = "Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks, LACONA VI ; Conference date: 21-09-2005 Through 25-09-2005",

}

von Lerber, K, Strlic, M, Kolar, J, Krüger, J, Pentzien, S, Kennedy, CJ, Wess, TJ, Sokhan, M & Kautek, W 2007, Laser cleaning of undyed silk: indications of chemical change. in MJ Nimmrichter, W Kautek & M Schreiner (eds), Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks: LACONA VI Proceedings, Vienna, Austria, Sept. 21-25, 2005. Springer Proceedings in Physics, vol. 116, Springer, pp. 313-320, Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks, Vienna, Austria, 21/09/05. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72130-7_36

Laser cleaning of undyed silk: indications of chemical change. / von Lerber, Karin; Strlic, Matija; Kolar, Jana et al.
Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks: LACONA VI Proceedings, Vienna, Austria, Sept. 21-25, 2005. ed. / Mag Johann Nimmrichter; Wolfgang Kautek; Manfred Schreiner. Springer, 2007. p. 313-320 (Springer Proceedings in Physics; Vol. 116).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter (peer-reviewed)

TY - CHAP

T1 - Laser cleaning of undyed silk: indications of chemical change

AU - von Lerber, Karin

AU - Strlic, Matija

AU - Kolar, Jana

AU - Krüger, Jörg

AU - Pentzien, Simone

AU - Kennedy, Craig J

AU - Wess, Timothy J

AU - Sokhan, Marina

AU - Kautek, Wolfgang

PY - 2007

Y1 - 2007

N2 - Three different undyed, unweighed silk fabrics (new clean, new soiled, and naturally aged) were cleaned with a computer-controlled Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at 532nm in 30 combinations of fluence and pulse numbers. They were studied for chemical change by viscometry, X-ray diffraction, and FIB-SIMS in combination with temperature calculations. While physical changes only occurred above the tested parameters, chemical changes could be detected as low as 0.2 J cm?2 with four pulses. Yellowing was observed at lower and bleaching at higher fluence/pulse number combinations. Melting was observed in naturally aged silk cleaned with 64 pulses at 4.2 J cm?2. The temperature reached at 0.1 J cm?2 is sufficient to evaporate carbon. Excess energy is transferred into the silk substrate causing thermal degradation. Different chemical processes leading to chain scission and to crosslinking seem to occur simultaneously, even at low fluence and pulse number. An increase in pulse numbers also leads to increasing damage.

AB - Three different undyed, unweighed silk fabrics (new clean, new soiled, and naturally aged) were cleaned with a computer-controlled Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at 532nm in 30 combinations of fluence and pulse numbers. They were studied for chemical change by viscometry, X-ray diffraction, and FIB-SIMS in combination with temperature calculations. While physical changes only occurred above the tested parameters, chemical changes could be detected as low as 0.2 J cm?2 with four pulses. Yellowing was observed at lower and bleaching at higher fluence/pulse number combinations. Melting was observed in naturally aged silk cleaned with 64 pulses at 4.2 J cm?2. The temperature reached at 0.1 J cm?2 is sufficient to evaporate carbon. Excess energy is transferred into the silk substrate causing thermal degradation. Different chemical processes leading to chain scission and to crosslinking seem to occur simultaneously, even at low fluence and pulse number. An increase in pulse numbers also leads to increasing damage.

U2 - 10.1007/978-3-540-72130-7_36

DO - 10.1007/978-3-540-72130-7_36

M3 - Chapter (peer-reviewed)

SN - 9783540721291

T3 - Springer Proceedings in Physics

SP - 313

EP - 320

BT - Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks

A2 - Nimmrichter, Mag Johann

A2 - Kautek, Wolfgang

A2 - Schreiner, Manfred

PB - Springer

T2 - Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks

Y2 - 21 September 2005 through 25 September 2005

ER -

von Lerber K, Strlic M, Kolar J, Krüger J, Pentzien S, Kennedy CJ et al. Laser cleaning of undyed silk: indications of chemical change. In Nimmrichter MJ, Kautek W, Schreiner M, editors, Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks: LACONA VI Proceedings, Vienna, Austria, Sept. 21-25, 2005. Springer. 2007. p. 313-320. (Springer Proceedings in Physics). doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-72130-7_36

Laser cleaning of undyed silk: indications of chemical change

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