TY - JOUR
T1 - Isotopic Characterization of Water Masses in the Southeast Pacific Region
T2 - Paleoceanographic Implications
AU - Reyes-Macaya, Dharma
AU - Hoogakker, Babette
AU - Martínez-Méndez, Gema
AU - Llanillo, Pedro J.
AU - Grasse, Patricia
AU - Mohtadi, Mahyar
AU - Mix, Alan
AU - Leng, Melanie J.
AU - Struck, Ulrich
AU - McCorkle, Daniel C.
AU - Troncoso, Macarena
AU - Gayo, Eugenia M.
AU - Lange, Carina B.
AU - Farias, Laura
AU - Carhuapoma, Wilson
AU - Graco, Michelle
AU - Cornejo-D’Ottone, Marcela
AU - De Pol Holz, Ricardo
AU - Fernandez, Camila
AU - Narvaez, Diego
AU - Vargas, Cristian A.
AU - García-Araya, Francisco
AU - Hebbeln, Dierk
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the crews and scientific parties of research cruises R/V Sonne (SO102, SO245, SO211, and SO261), R/V Meteor (M93), R/V Roger Revelle RR9702A (GENE03RR), BIC Jos? Olaya Balandra (Crio1812), R/V Cabo de Hornos (Cimar 21, LOWPHOX 1, Expedici?n TAITAO), and L/C Kay-Kay 2 (Station 18). We thank the invaluable help of Henning Kuhnert, Birgit Meyer-Schack and Wolfgang Bevern (Isotope Laboratory, MARUM), Martin K?lling (Sediment Geochemistry Laboratory, MARUM), Carol Arrowsmith (Isotope Laboratory BGS, UK), Josefa Verdugo (Biogeochemistry Laboratory, AWI), Alejandro Avila and Paola C?rdenas (Paleoceanography Laboratory, UdeC), Karen Sanzana (Isotope Biogeochemistry Laboratory, UdeC), Gerardo Garcia (IMO, UdeC), Frank Wenzh?fer and Timothy Ferdelman (AWI/Max-Planck-Institut f?r Marine Mikrobiologie, Bremen), Sara Nicolson and Alina Wiercorek (National University of Ireland Galway), Victor Aramayo (Meiobenthos Laboratory, IMARPE), Katy Cordova (Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia), Consuelo Mart?nez-Fontaine (Paleoclimat, Universities of Paris Sud and Paris-Saclay), Osvaldo Ulloa (Marine Microbiology Laboratory and IMO, Udec) and Michelle Ferrer (Universidad de Chile). We thanks to Kris Karnauskas (editor in Chief), Edith Judd (editorial office) and the Wiley Book production team from the JGR-Ocean. As well to the three anonymous reviewers for their constructive feedback on an earlier version of this manuscript. R/V Sonne cruises (SO102, SO211 ad SO245) were financed by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research projects #03G0102A, #03G0211A and #03G0245A. SO261 cruise was funded by the HADES-ERC Advanced Grant (?Benthic diagenesis and microbiology of hadal trenches? Grant agreement No. 669947) awarded to R. N. Glud (SDU, Denmark). SO245 cruise recived contributions from the Max Planck Society (Germany), the German State of Lower Saxony, the National Environmental Research Council of Great Britain and the Science Foundation of Ireland. R/V Meteor cruise M93 was financed by the Sonderforschungsbereich 754 ?Climate-Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean? (www.sfb754.de), which is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. ?Expedici?n TAITAO? was financed by the grant ?Concurso Nacional de Asignaci?n de Tiempo de Buque ASG-61 Cabo de Hornos? AUB180003, FONDECyT grants 11161091 (DN), 1180954 (CF), and the COPAS Sur-Austral Center (CONICYT PIA APOYO CCTE AFB170006). Sampling at Time-Series station 18 off Concepci?n during 2015 was funded by several FONDECYT/ANID grants from researchers at the Department of Oceanography and Research Line 5 of COPAS Sur-Austral (UdeC). ANID?Chile National Competition for ship time (AUB 150006/12806) financed the expedition LowpHOX organized by the Millennium Institute of Oceanography (IMO). The expedition Crio1218 was financed by the PPR 137 titled ?Proyecto de Estudio Integrado del Afloramiento Costero Frente a Per?" and sponsored by IMARPE-Per?. Additional funding was provided by the ANID?Millennium Science Initiative Program?NCN19_153 (Millennium Nucleus UPWELL), ANID/FONDAP (CR)2 15110009 (LF and EMG), FONDECYT Grant 1210171 (CAV), ANID/FONDAP IDEAL 15150003 (CBL), and the Millennium Institute of Oceanography (IMO, ICN12_019). Dharma A. Reyes-Macaya was supported by Becas Chile (17342817-0), DAAD (57144001) and FARGO project (FAte of ocean oxygenation in a waRminG wOrld, UKRI). We dedicate this article to the memory of Nelson Silva, founder of the Chilean Oceanographic program CIMAR and pioneer in the study of water masses of the SEP.
Funding Information:
We thank the crews and scientific parties of research cruises R/V Sonne (SO102, SO245, SO211, and SO261), R/V Meteor (M93), R/V Roger Revelle RR9702A (GENE03RR), BIC José Olaya Balandra (Crio1812), R/V Cabo de Hornos (Cimar 21, LOWPHOX 1, Expedición TAITAO), and L/C Kay‐Kay 2 (Station 18). We thank the invaluable help of Henning Kuhnert, Birgit Meyer‐Schack and Wolfgang Bevern (Isotope Laboratory, MARUM), Martin Kölling (Sediment Geochemistry Laboratory, MARUM), Carol Arrowsmith (Isotope Laboratory BGS, UK), Josefa Verdugo (Biogeochemistry Laboratory, AWI), Alejandro Avila and Paola Cárdenas (Paleoceanography Laboratory, UdeC), Karen Sanzana (Isotope Biogeochemistry Laboratory, UdeC), Gerardo Garcia (IMO, UdeC), Frank Wenzhöfer and Timothy Ferdelman (AWI/Max‐Planck‐Institut für Marine Mikrobiologie, Bremen), Sara Nicolson and Alina Wiercorek (National University of Ireland Galway), Victor Aramayo (Meiobenthos Laboratory, IMARPE), Katy Cordova (Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia), Consuelo Martínez‐Fontaine (Paleoclimat, Universities of Paris Sud and Paris‐Saclay), Osvaldo Ulloa (Marine Microbiology Laboratory and IMO, Udec) and Michelle Ferrer (Universidad de Chile). We thanks to Kris Karnauskas (editor in Chief), Edith Judd (editorial office) and the Wiley Book production team from the JGR‐Ocean. As well to the three anonymous reviewers for their constructive feedback on an earlier version of this manuscript. R/V Sonne cruises (SO102, SO211 ad SO245) were financed by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research projects #03G0102A, #03G0211A and #03G0245A. SO261 cruise was funded by the HADES‐ERC Advanced Grant (“Benthic diagenesis and microbiology of hadal trenches” Grant agreement No. 669947) awarded to R. N. Glud (SDU, Denmark). SO245 cruise recived contributions from the Max Planck Society (Germany), the German State of Lower Saxony, the National Environmental Research Council of Great Britain and the Science Foundation of Ireland. R/V Meteor cruise M93 was financed by the Sonderforschungsbereich 754 “Climate‐Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean” ( www.sfb754.de ), which is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. “Expedición TAITAO” was financed by the grant “Concurso Nacional de Asignación de Tiempo de Buque ASG‐61 Cabo de Hornos” AUB180003, FONDECyT grants 11161091 (DN), 1180954 (CF), and the COPAS Sur‐Austral Center (CONICYT PIA APOYO CCTE AFB170006). Sampling at Time‐Series station 18 off Concepción during 2015 was funded by several FONDECYT/ANID grants from researchers at the Department of Oceanography and Research Line 5 of COPAS Sur‐Austral (UdeC). ANID—Chile National Competition for ship time (AUB 150006/12806) financed the expedition LowpHOX organized by the Millennium Institute of Oceanography (IMO). The expedition Crio1218 was financed by the PPR 137 titled “Proyecto de Estudio Integrado del Afloramiento Costero Frente a Perú" and sponsored by IMARPE‐Perú. Additional funding was provided by the ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—NCN19_153 (Millennium Nucleus UPWELL), ANID/FONDAP (CR)2 15110009 (LF and EMG), FONDECYT Grant 1210171 (CAV), ANID/FONDAP IDEAL 15150003 (CBL), and the Millennium Institute of Oceanography (IMO, ICN12_019). Dharma A. Reyes‐Macaya was supported by Becas Chile (17342817‐0), DAAD (57144001) and FARGO project (FAte of ocean oxygenation in a waRminG wOrld, UKRI). We dedicate this article to the memory of Nelson Silva, founder of the Chilean Oceanographic program CIMAR and pioneer in the study of water masses of the SEP.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021. The Authors.
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - In this study, we used stable isotopes of oxygen (δ18O), deuterium (δD), and dissolved inorganic carbon (δ13CDIC) in combination with temperature, salinity, oxygen, and nutrient concentrations to characterize the coastal (71°–78°W) and an oceanic (82°–98°W) water masses (SAAW—Subantarctic Surface Water; STW—Subtropical Water; ESSW—Equatorial Subsurface water; AAIW—Antarctic Intermediate Water; PDW—Pacific Deep Water) of the Southeast Pacific (SEP). The results show that δ18O and δD can be used to differentiate between SAAW-STW, SAAW-ESSW, and ESSW-AAIW. δ13CDIC signatures can be used to differentiate between STW-ESSW (oceanic section), SAAW-ESSW, ESSW-AAIW, and AAIW-PDW. Compared with the oceanic section, our new coastal section highlights differences in both the chemistry and geometry of water masses above 1,000 m. Previous paleoceanographic studies using marine sediments from the SEP continental margin used the present-day hydrological oceanic transect to compare against, as the coastal section was not sufficiently characterized. We suggest that our new results of the coastal section should be used for past characterizations of the SEP water masses that are usually based on continental margin sediment samples.
AB - In this study, we used stable isotopes of oxygen (δ18O), deuterium (δD), and dissolved inorganic carbon (δ13CDIC) in combination with temperature, salinity, oxygen, and nutrient concentrations to characterize the coastal (71°–78°W) and an oceanic (82°–98°W) water masses (SAAW—Subantarctic Surface Water; STW—Subtropical Water; ESSW—Equatorial Subsurface water; AAIW—Antarctic Intermediate Water; PDW—Pacific Deep Water) of the Southeast Pacific (SEP). The results show that δ18O and δD can be used to differentiate between SAAW-STW, SAAW-ESSW, and ESSW-AAIW. δ13CDIC signatures can be used to differentiate between STW-ESSW (oceanic section), SAAW-ESSW, ESSW-AAIW, and AAIW-PDW. Compared with the oceanic section, our new coastal section highlights differences in both the chemistry and geometry of water masses above 1,000 m. Previous paleoceanographic studies using marine sediments from the SEP continental margin used the present-day hydrological oceanic transect to compare against, as the coastal section was not sufficiently characterized. We suggest that our new results of the coastal section should be used for past characterizations of the SEP water masses that are usually based on continental margin sediment samples.
KW - carbon stable isotopes in dissolved inorganic carbon
KW - oxygen and deuterium stable isotopes in seawater
KW - paleoceanography proxies
KW - Southeast Pacific
KW - water mass distribution
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85123710631&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1029/2021JC017525
DO - 10.1029/2021JC017525
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85123710631
SN - 2169-9291
VL - 127
JO - Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
IS - 1
M1 - e2021JC017525
ER -
