Hologram-assisted thoracic epidural insertion in the Thiel soft embalmed cadaver: proof of concept simulation study

Graeme A. McLeod*, Mel McKendrick, Rony Portelli, Zsolt Husz, Gareth James, Gary McKendrick

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) provides pain relief after abdominal surgery sufficient to allow coughing and early return of bowel function. However, high primary1 and secondary2 complication rates have driven anaesthetists towards safer, albeit less efficacious, ultrasound-guided abdominal wall fascial plane blocks. Unfortunately, the latter fail to block afferent visceral neural pathways and sympathetic efferent nerves,3 and consequently have negligible effect on gastrointestinal motility or splanchnic blood flow. Hence, TEA remains the gold standard analgesic technique after bilateral fractured ribs and open upper gastrointestinal, oesophageal, and vascular surgery.
Original languageEnglish
Article number039
JournalBritish Journal of Anaesthesia
Early online date22 Jan 2025
DOIs
Publication statusE-pub ahead of print - 22 Jan 2025

Keywords

  • Augmented Reality
  • CT
  • cadaver
  • Thoracic epidural
  • Simulation
  • computed tomography
  • extended reality

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