Examining Misconceptions about Plastic-Particle Exposure from Ingestion of Seafood and Risk to Human Health

Plastic particles (PPs; ≤5 mm diameter) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants, and concerns exist about their potential to impact human health negatively. Public perceptions about seafood contamination by PPs have been shaped by media communications rather than scientific evidence, and these perceptions can inform behavior and public policy inappropriately. Our objective is to challenge perceptions with evidence and to discuss the extent to which concerns of PP contamination of seafoods are justified. Evidence indicates that levels of PPs in seafoods are consistent with those of other foods and beverages and that human exposure to PPs is higher via indoor air and dust than by ingestion of foods and beverages. While uncertainties remain, there is currently minimal evidence of dietary toxicity of PPs and no consumption advisories for PPs. The levels of substances (e.g., toxic contaminants) associated with PPs that may be released upon PP ingestion are often orders of magnitude below levels of toxicological concern. Overattention on PP contamination of seafoods (>70% compared to all other foods combined) in scientific media communications is unjustified and must be rebalanced to avoid misconceptions and loss of beneficial health effects of seafood consumption.