Effective devulcanization of ground tire rubber using choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents

Ricky Saputra; Rashmi Walvekar; Mohammad Khalid; Kaveh Shahbaz; Suganti Ramarad

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2019.103151

Effective devulcanization of ground tire rubber using choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents

Ricky Saputra, Rashmi Walvekar^*, Mohammad Khalid, Kaveh Shahbaz, Suganti Ramarad

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Engineering & Physical Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

31 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The effect of deep eutectic solvents (DES) in devulcanization of ground tire rubber (GTR) was explored for the first time in this work. Three different DESs, namely ChCl:Urea, ChCl:ZnCl ₂ and ZnCl ₂ :Urea were prepared and their physicochemical properties were examined. GTR was mixed with various DESs which were further sonicated and heated at various time intervals. The treated GTR was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Additionally, the extent of devulcanization was assessed using soluble fraction, cross-link density and related by Horikx theory. The relation between DESs' viscosities towards devulcanization efficiency was also evaluated.

Original language	English
Article number	103151
Journal	Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
Volume	7
Issue number	3
Early online date	10 May 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2019.103151
Publication status	Published - Jun 2019

Keywords

crosslink density
deep eutectic
Devulcanization
ground tire rubber
solvents

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous)
Waste Management and Disposal
Pollution
Process Chemistry and Technology

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10.1016/j.jece.2019.103151

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title = "Effective devulcanization of ground tire rubber using choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents",

abstract = " The effect of deep eutectic solvents (DES) in devulcanization of ground tire rubber (GTR) was explored for the first time in this work. Three different DESs, namely ChCl:Urea, ChCl:ZnCl 2 and ZnCl 2 :Urea were prepared and their physicochemical properties were examined. GTR was mixed with various DESs which were further sonicated and heated at various time intervals. The treated GTR was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Additionally, the extent of devulcanization was assessed using soluble fraction, cross-link density and related by Horikx theory. The relation between DESs' viscosities towards devulcanization efficiency was also evaluated. ",

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AU - Saputra, Ricky

AU - Walvekar, Rashmi

AU - Khalid, Mohammad

AU - Shahbaz, Kaveh

AU - Ramarad, Suganti

PY - 2019/6

Y1 - 2019/6

N2 - The effect of deep eutectic solvents (DES) in devulcanization of ground tire rubber (GTR) was explored for the first time in this work. Three different DESs, namely ChCl:Urea, ChCl:ZnCl 2 and ZnCl 2 :Urea were prepared and their physicochemical properties were examined. GTR was mixed with various DESs which were further sonicated and heated at various time intervals. The treated GTR was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Additionally, the extent of devulcanization was assessed using soluble fraction, cross-link density and related by Horikx theory. The relation between DESs' viscosities towards devulcanization efficiency was also evaluated.

AB - The effect of deep eutectic solvents (DES) in devulcanization of ground tire rubber (GTR) was explored for the first time in this work. Three different DESs, namely ChCl:Urea, ChCl:ZnCl 2 and ZnCl 2 :Urea were prepared and their physicochemical properties were examined. GTR was mixed with various DESs which were further sonicated and heated at various time intervals. The treated GTR was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Additionally, the extent of devulcanization was assessed using soluble fraction, cross-link density and related by Horikx theory. The relation between DESs' viscosities towards devulcanization efficiency was also evaluated.

KW - crosslink density

KW - deep eutectic

KW - Devulcanization

KW - ground tire rubber

KW - solvents

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Effective devulcanization of ground tire rubber using choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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