Digital Transformation in GCC Higher Education: A Decision Aid Framework for Institutional Success

This paper presents the Successful Digital Transformation Framework for Higher Education (SDTF-HE), a conceptual and empirically grounded model designed to guide higher education institutions (HEIs) across the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) in achieving effective digital transformation (DT). The study addresses persistent fragmentation in DT initiatives and the absence of coherent institutional strategies, governance mechanisms, and adoption pathways. Drawing on multiple case studies from seven HEIs across Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, and the United Arab Emirates, the research integrates organizational change, technology adoption, and resource-based perspectives. Findings identify six key capability enablers: DT Strategy, Governance and Leadership, Communication and Culture, Training and Development, DT-Specific Investments, and Ecosystem Partnerships, that influence DT outcomes through the mediating mechanism of Digital Adoption. The research demonstrates how these enablers collectively enhance academic quality, operational efficiency, and decision transparency. It provides actionable guidance for HEI leaders seeking to progress from isolated digital projects toward comprehensive, strategically aligned transformation initiatives.