Differential vergence movements in reading Chinese and english: Greater fixation-initial binocular disparity is advantageous in reading the denser orthography

We explore two aspects of exovergence: we test whether smaller binocular fixation disparities accompany the shorter saccades and longer fixations observed in reading Chinese, and we test whether potentially advantageous psychophysical effects of exovergence transfer to text reading. We report differential exovergence in reading Chinese and English: Chinese readers begin fixations with more binocular disparity, but end fixations with a disparity closely similar to that of the English readers. We conclude that greater fixation-initial binocular disparity can be adaptive in the reading of visually and cognitively denser text.