Design of Palladium Coated Long Period Fiber Grating for Hydrogen Sensing

Nandini Basumallick; Palas Biswas; Richard Carter; Robert Raimund Maier; Sankhyabrata Bandyopadhyay; Kamal Dasgupta; Somnath Bandyopdhayay

doi:10.1109/JLT.2016.2604481

Design of Palladium Coated Long Period Fiber Grating for Hydrogen Sensing

Nandini Basumallick, Palas Biswas, Richard Carter, Robert Raimund Maier, Sankhyabrata Bandyopadhyay, Kamal Dasgupta, Somnath Bandyopdhayay

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Abstract

We present a detailed numerical analysis that describes the influence of palladium (Pd) layer thickness on the spectral characteristics of long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) and their response to the uptake of hydrogen. The investigation is carried out with a view of determining an optimal layer thickness to design high sensitivity LPFG based hydrogen sensors. Coupled differential equations for a four layer waveguide structure have been solved using matrix method considering a layer of Pd with finite thickness on the cladding. Response of higher order cladding modes of the Pd-coated LPFG at turn-around-point (TAP) and also at mode transition could be computed. It has been shown that if properly designed, the resonant wavelength of a desired mode may shift by about 20 nm for 1% uptake of hydrogen. There is good match between simulations and experiments for LPFGs with coupling to higher order cladding modes.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	4912-4919
Number of pages	8
Journal	Journal of Lightwave Technology
Volume	34
Issue number	21
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2016.2604481
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2016

Keywords

Long period fiber grating
turn-around-point grating
mode transition
palladium coatings
hydrogen detection.

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10.1109/JLT.2016.2604481

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title = "Design of Palladium Coated Long Period Fiber Grating for Hydrogen Sensing",

abstract = "We present a detailed numerical analysis that describes the influence of palladium (Pd) layer thickness on the spectral characteristics of long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) and their response to the uptake of hydrogen. The investigation is carried out with a view of determining an optimal layer thickness to design high sensitivity LPFG based hydrogen sensors. Coupled differential equations for a four layer waveguide structure have been solved using matrix method considering a layer of Pd with finite thickness on the cladding. Response of higher order cladding modes of the Pd-coated LPFG at turn-around-point (TAP) and also at mode transition could be computed. It has been shown that if properly designed, the resonant wavelength of a desired mode may shift by about 20 nm for 1% uptake of hydrogen. There is good match between simulations and experiments for LPFGs with coupling to higher order cladding modes.",

keywords = "Long period fiber grating, turn-around-point grating, mode transition, palladium coatings, hydrogen detection.",

author = "Nandini Basumallick and Palas Biswas and Richard Carter and Maier, {Robert Raimund} and Sankhyabrata Bandyopadhyay and Kamal Dasgupta and Somnath Bandyopdhayay",

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AU - Basumallick, Nandini

AU - Biswas, Palas

AU - Carter, Richard

AU - Maier, Robert Raimund

AU - Bandyopadhyay, Sankhyabrata

AU - Dasgupta, Kamal

AU - Bandyopdhayay, Somnath

PY - 2016/11/1

Y1 - 2016/11/1

N2 - We present a detailed numerical analysis that describes the influence of palladium (Pd) layer thickness on the spectral characteristics of long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) and their response to the uptake of hydrogen. The investigation is carried out with a view of determining an optimal layer thickness to design high sensitivity LPFG based hydrogen sensors. Coupled differential equations for a four layer waveguide structure have been solved using matrix method considering a layer of Pd with finite thickness on the cladding. Response of higher order cladding modes of the Pd-coated LPFG at turn-around-point (TAP) and also at mode transition could be computed. It has been shown that if properly designed, the resonant wavelength of a desired mode may shift by about 20 nm for 1% uptake of hydrogen. There is good match between simulations and experiments for LPFGs with coupling to higher order cladding modes.

AB - We present a detailed numerical analysis that describes the influence of palladium (Pd) layer thickness on the spectral characteristics of long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) and their response to the uptake of hydrogen. The investigation is carried out with a view of determining an optimal layer thickness to design high sensitivity LPFG based hydrogen sensors. Coupled differential equations for a four layer waveguide structure have been solved using matrix method considering a layer of Pd with finite thickness on the cladding. Response of higher order cladding modes of the Pd-coated LPFG at turn-around-point (TAP) and also at mode transition could be computed. It has been shown that if properly designed, the resonant wavelength of a desired mode may shift by about 20 nm for 1% uptake of hydrogen. There is good match between simulations and experiments for LPFGs with coupling to higher order cladding modes.

KW - Long period fiber grating

KW - turn-around-point grating

KW - mode transition

KW - palladium coatings

KW - hydrogen detection.

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DO - 10.1109/JLT.2016.2604481

M3 - Article

SN - 0733-8724

VL - 34

SP - 4912

EP - 4919

JO - Journal of Lightwave Technology

JF - Journal of Lightwave Technology

IS - 21

ER -

Design of Palladium Coated Long Period Fiber Grating for Hydrogen Sensing

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