Analysing the effects of integrating local tanks in water distribution networks on water age

Extended water retention in a distribution network increases water age, heightening vulnerability to microbial growth and quality issues. Designers must ensure the system allows for frequent water flow without complete stagnation. Private tanks play a crucial role in regulating system flow and influencing water age. This investigation aimed to assess how private tank retention time and orifice sizes affect water age within a schematic of an existing network in Dubai, UAE. The results indicated that longer retention times facilitated greater flow, thereby reducing water age due to increased filling times. Similarly, smaller orifice diameters contributed to this effect. Additionally, the presence of float valves was found to hinder water flow, leading to higher water age. Ultimately, the study identified a more effective approach than float valves for minimizing water age, demonstrating the importance of optimizing tank design and flow regulation in water distribution systems to enhance water quality.